The Industrial Revolution Is The Cornerstone Of What Makes...

The Industrial Revolution is the cornerstone of what makes America, the modern America. Even though we label this period of time a revolution, it actually began in Britain. It was a significant movement of advance of the time, but went through many trials and tribulations. At the end of the eighteenth century, England and France both underwent revolutions: France the French Revolution, England the industrial revolution (Sharp 2012). America was able to learn from the Britain and take advantage of this concept. It brought new ideas that changed how products were made. When the United States inherited the idea from Britain in the 1770s, production significantly increased from having hand production of utilizing machines. This eventually led to the development and incorporation of steam and water power and the use of coal for fuels. The Industrial Revolution impacted every aspect of life. The Industrial Revolution effected society through the living and working conditions. When America first entered the Industrial Revolution was during the time of the European Wars. The wars taking place extremely hindered the relations that the United States had with between Britain and France. The Embargo Act was established after an American ship had been seized, to include the merchantmen and cargo, by the British. The British had opened fire on the American neutral ship when they were not allowed to search it. Due to this event, the Embargo Act was established that stopped the exportingShow MoreRelatedEffects Of The Enlightenment On Modern America1592 Words   |  7 PagesRegina Hamilton Dr. Ermus WOH1030 22 September 2014 Effects of The Enlightenment on Modern America There are many things that set America apart from the world. Most notably are our political structure, social structure, capitalistic ideals, and the free exchange of ideas and beliefs that were all born from the desire for freedom. After hundreds of years of being told what to do by the Church and the monarchy, there came a time when the people decided that it was time to come out from under theRead MoreHistory of Management Theory Essay1113 Words   |  5 Pagespertaining to these two elements has evolved from the Industrial Revolution throughout the Progression Era and into the modern workplace. The purpose of this paper will focus on Frederick Taylor’s Scientific Management, also known as the Taylor System, and Elton Mayo’s Human Relations business models and how they relate to this managerial evolution. Both Taylor and Mayo were iconic masterminds who lit the torch of innovative management for America to progress out from days of uncontrolled processRead MoreThe World During The 18th Century1697 Words   |  7 Pageson. That being said, I was like one of the bystanders watching the fight as it unfolded. I could only make an analysis on what I knew and that was not a lot. The knowledge gained so far from this course truly opened my eyes why many of the world’s institutions existed, or existed to this day. For example, much was known about the cash crop known as cotton and the impact it had on America, but what was not known was how it truly circulated throughout the world and in essence, made the world go ‘roundRead MoreEducational Standardization Of The Industrial Revolution913 Words   |  4 PagesFrom Colonial America through the industrial revolution and to current practices, education has served to better our society. Education’s goal has continuously serv ed to prepare students for the jobs and expectations society holds at the time. Eighteenth century education centered around the practical needs of seamen, merchants, artisans, and frontiersmen . However, practical content competed tightly with religious concerns. After the boom of the industrial revolution, more children were goingRead MoreThe Jungle By Upton Sinclair1437 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica is known as the golden opportunity to live a better life, have freedom, and liberty. Immigrants believe that America could improve their quality of life. Immigrants encountered extreme poverty in their countries and affording a family was impossible. However, the reality is much more horrendous and the true successors in the labor force are the wealthy business owners. The Jungle is a fictional novel by Upton Sinclair, reveals the real reality of working in the labor force in America andRead MoreThe New Deal: Radical Policies towards a Conservative Goal1539 Words   |  6 Pagespro grams, the New Deal mounted radical policies that gave the federal government unprecedented power in the nation’s economy and society, however, the New Deal did not bring America out of the Great Depression and could be considered conservative in the context of the era, ultimately saving capitalism from collapsing in America. Many of the New Deal’s relief programs were revolutionary; the federal government was now responsible for relieving the problems of society previously left to individuals,Read MoreCompetition Is The Cornerstone Of Capitalism1499 Words   |  6 PagesCompetition is the cornerstone of capitalism. It creates rivalry among businesses to produce quality goods and services at competitive prices. This gives consumers a better sense of variety when making purchases. Competition in its purest form creates small buyers and sellers none of which are too large to negatively affect the market as a whole. Competitive markets can be dated back to ancient times when merchants competed in foreign trade. In the 19th century economists considered competition asRead MoreVillains Of All Nations : Atlantic Pirates1667 Words   |  7 Pagesthat pirates’ rowdiness could be contributed to their greedy tendencies, violent nature, and rebellious attitudes. In fact, much of what pirates did was an attempt at revolutionizing what they saw as a corrupt society. This reality is quite ironic, seeing as how many people assume piracy to be the more corrupt culture. Furthermore, in The Buccaneers of America: In the Original English Translation of 1684, pirate John Esquemeling (1645-1707) gives us insight into his transition from a commonRead MoreHow Did The Rise Of Mass Production Transform The Role Of The United?2721 Words   |  11 Pagesthe country following World War I, the development of mass production not only revolutionised the industrial sphere, but also remains widely accredited for being the key driving force behind the economic boom in the 1920s. Existing social values were reformed; free-market capitalist practices were endorsed, and American society aspired to ideals of excessive material wealth and excess. A revolution of mass consumption’ took place in this era, transforming the U.S economy one of global superiorityRead MoreThe Muralist Movement in Mexico3342 Words   |  14 Pagesthis form of painting in Mexico and led the way for the Muralist Movement in Mexico. Their murals were based on the political and social cond itions of the times. During the beginning of the 20th century, Mexico went through a political and social revolution and the government began to commission a number of huge frescos to celebrate its achievements. The muralist movement would not only have a great effect on their own country but the rest of the world as well. The first modern artists from a Hispanic

Dr Jekyll And Mr Hyde Essay - 1518 Words

The purpose of my essay is to compare and contrast the historical fiction, drama novel titled, the Kite Runner, written by Khaled Hosseini, and the horror, scientific fiction, drama novel, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, written by Robert Louis Stevenson. I will compare the two novels and show hoe these two authors represent how you can take two people that have a lot of guilt and either live with it or change yourself and circumstances. One lives with it by his actions towards his best friend and the other deals with it through his dual personality. Both authors show how the main characters in both novels deal with guilt. One deals with it by doing bad things and at first not caring to finally realizing the wrongs he has†¦show more content†¦The guilt he is feeling is so bad that he decides someone must leave. He sets Hassen up and puts money and a watch in his pillow. Ali was so embarrassed that his son would steal from their master, that they left town and went to Pakistan. Soon after they left, Baba decided he wanted more out of life for him and Armir, and they moved all the way to Freemont, California. As Armir grows older, the guilt was still so strong, he knew he needed to do something. Armir often tells us in the story that â€Å"he often is overcome by sudden guilt that he bolts to the bathroom and vomits in the sink.† Pg ___________ Armir also realized that he sat Hassen up earlier in life because he was jealous of him and the relationship that he had with Armir’s father, Baba. Baba also feels guilty when he shows Armir because he cannot show the same love to Hassen. Hassen loves his father, Ali but always feels he is missing something. Armir later in life finds out that Baba is Hassen’s real father and the guilt is even greater. While living in California, Armir is contacted by Rahim and asked to return to Pakistan. He learns that Hassen has been killed by Assef and has left a son behind, named Sohrab. Armir returns to Pakistan and feels this is his chance for redemption. Rahim also tells Armir that â€Å"this is his chance for him to make good.: ___________ Armir then sets out to look for Sohrab. Armir learns that Sohrab is carrying around a lot ofShow MoreRelated dr jekyll and mr hyde Essay1196 Words   |  5 Pages Jekyll and Hyde Analysis In this essay on the story of Jekyll and Hyde written by Robert Louis Stevenson I will try to unravel the true meaning of the book and get inside the characters in the story created by Stevenson. A story of a man battling with his double personality. In Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Hyde becomes Jekylls demonic, monstrous alter ego. Certainly Stevenson presents him immediately as this from the outset. Hissing as he speaks, Hyde has quot;a kind of black sneering coolness .Read MoreDr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay800 Words   |  4 Pages Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay In Robert Louis Stevenson’s, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Dr. Jekyll’s struggle between two personalities is the cause of tragedy and violence. Dr. Jekyll takes his friends loyalty and unknowingly abuses it. In this novella, Stevenson shows attributes of loyalty, how friendship contributes to loyalty, and how his own life affected his writing on loyalty. Stevenson expresses loyalty in many ways. For example, he establishes the friendship between Mr. Utterson, Dr. JekyllRead MoreBackground of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay2077 Words   |  9 PagesBackground of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde was published in 1886 and is one of the best known of Stevensons novels. It concerns the way in which an individual is made up of contrary emotions and desires: some good and some evil. Through the curiosity of Utterson, a lawyer, we learn of the ugly and violent Mr Hyde and his oddRead More Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay718 Words   |  3 Pages Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Jekyll does deserve his final miserable fate because he commits several selfish deeds to the point where he brings his miserable fate upon himself. In Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Robert Louis Stevenson uses Jekyll to represent how man prioritizes by putting himself over others. Throughout the book, Jekyll’s two different sides are used to show that man is consistently selfish and will usually think of himself before others. Even though Jekyll hasRead More Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay1116 Words   |  5 PagesDr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was published in 1886 as a shilling shocker novella written by the young novelist Robert Louis Stevenson. At that time there was a surfeit of cheap horror novellas. Stevensons novella was different because it explored the evil inside human kind. I will look into Victorian attitudes and how these influenced Victorian life. The cultural and historical context of the text is typical of the author but not his time because there was a contradictionRead More The Gothic Novel Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay examples1403 Words   |  6 PagesTo what extent can The strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde be viewed as a gothic novel? Jekyll and Hyde is a gothic novel. It was written by Robert Louis Stevenson, he got the idea for the story after a dream he had. The word ‘Goth’ is originally from a German tribe and has come to mean ‘barbarian’ and later know as ‘Gothic’. In Gothic Literature certain features are expected. These are supernatural events, have villains and hero characters, strange weather, horror, mystery and deathsRead MoreStevensons Representation of Evil in Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay1424 Words   |  6 PagesStevensons Representation of Evil in Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is a classic novel telling the story of the struggle between good and evil. The good being shown in the form of a well-respected Doctor Henry Jekyll and the evil being released from a lengthy repression in the form of Mr Edward Hyde. In my essay I will be concentrating on the influences of the Victorian age and how Stevenson involved aspects of his own life into the writing of the bookRead MoreAnalysis of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay557 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Everyone has heard of Jekyll and Hyde. The two infamous characters that portray the main roles in The Strange Case of Dr.Jekyll and Mr.Hyde. Yet, even with this phenomenal status of the book, surprisingly, not many people know what is really represented inside its pages. Firstly, to understand what made The Strange Case of Dr.Jekyll and Mr.Hyde a classical story known by young and old alike, we must look at where it began. AsRead MoreDr Jekyll And Mr Hyde Duality Essay1502 Words   |  7 PagesIn the novel, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson provides insight into the inner workings of the duality that exists within humans. Dr. Jekyll is a well-respected doctor in his community while his differing personality Mr. Hyde is hideous and considered by the public as evil based on appearance. As the novel progresses Dr. Lanyon begins to investigate Mr. Hyde, he begins to realize similarities between both Mr. Hyde and Dr. Jekyll such as their handwriting which resultsRead MoreEssay about Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde1188 Words   |  5 PagesDr Jekyll and Mr Hyde This novel is more than just a traditional horror story as it has many hidden and complex meanings and explanations, of what seem and would have normally before this book, been simple events. Stevenson has very strong opinions and some are expressed in the book. A traditional horror story would either be a super natural In this novel Stevensons characters, Jekyll and Hyde, are stereotypes of people who are good and evil. The good is the friendly doctor (the

Benefits of Using the Ashford University Library free essay sample

Lastly will go over how to be effective and efficient in finding resources that will fit in to research needs. So lets talk about what are some of the key differences between scholarly resources and popular resources. A scholarly resource is a resource that is published by a subject matter expert. It is a paper that is written by someone who is very familiar with the subject on hand. After a person writes the said paper it then goes through a peer review. A peer review is others that are experts in the field and weigh in on the paper at hand. It is a very vigorous recess.It then has to be approved in order to be published and be considered a scholarly resource. Unlike scholarly resources, popular resources are usually written by a journalist of some sort or professional flogger. These resources are typically found in magazines, newspapers, or blobs. We will write a custom essay sample on Benefits of Using the Ashford University Library or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And are generally written for entertainment and inform the public. It often is very reliable and can be very helpful for research purposes. So now that you know what the differences are left talk about some key things to remember when searching with in the Gifford university Library.The Gifford University Library is an amazing tool for us students attending Gifford University. It is full of information that will put us on the right path to success. But you have to understand how to use it first. And the library has thought of it all. It has helpful tutorials to show you step by step on how to use it and what to use it for. It also has the Find it tool. You have to be sure when you are searching using the find it tool you be specific. When searching scholarly resources you have to just use main ideas and key words.If you try o search a long sentence or phrase it will give you tons of options and then you are really not using it the right way. It is not like a search engine where it guesses what you are trying to look for causing you to dig through thousands of pages. Using quotations is also helpful when searching because it will look for those specific words in that order. These are just some key things to remember when using the Library and its tools to help us turn in quality work. Being effective and efficient is key to research. You never want to go in to it without a plan. Otherwise you could be wasting valuable time.

Should Distribute Network Traffic Equally †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Should Distribute Network Traffic Equally? Answer: Introduction Open internet is also referred to as Net neutrality, which is a principle that says Internet Service Providers (ISPs) should distribute their network traffic equally without blocking the content, applications and services. The common EU rules on net neutrality applies and ensures that same services are applied across Europe without blocking, throttling and discrimination of internet traffic and is guided by three exceptions. Compliance with legal obligations Network integrity Managing the congestion in exceptional situations National Regulatory Authorities (NRAs) are authorized to access traffic management, commercial practices and agreements. They have the power to set quality standards to ensure good quality open internet access to end-users. In 2016, the Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications (BEREC) in coordination with Commission issued guidelines to help NRAs in assessing inter alia agreements and commercial practices to reach to a consistent decision and actions. NRAs prepare annual country reports and submit them to the Commission and BEREC to help them implement net neutrality rules (Granados, 2017) Open Internet: The Argument Various reasons and arguments exists among people dealing with the internet as the stakeholders involve of government, the service providers, the telecommunication companies, the end users, etc. All have their own reasons to prove the favourability and non-favourability for open internet. Stating below are few of those arguments to consider the ethical side of net neutrality. The net neutrality states that no signal from the traffic on the internet should be prioritized over the other. People on the other side claim that open internet obstructs the main internet market infrastructure. A big organization with more money tend to block content of startups or new upcoming organizations to promote their own content. The supporters of open internet are worried about how much authority the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) should have, and the end users are concerned that the government is interfering the free internet market (Gross, 2014). There are multiple ethical issues that followed up because of these arguments. Before we apply the ethical theories to the open internet, lets pen down the possible options: A complete execution of net neutrality without prioritization of signals for any purpose or to any destination. A limited execution of net neutrality to have ISPs decide the exceptions like blocking of particular signals applications. A complete free market without open internet to have ISPs as sole decision makers to form their rules, and the end users decide which ISP they want to avail the services from. Utilitarianism applied to Net Neutrality Utilitarianism is an ethical theory which says that the outcome of any action are the sole standards of right or wrong. The best action for anything is the one which maximizes the value of anything. Various opinions flows through the multiple discussions and ethical theories are applied to know the best possible solution or in other words to come to a decision which maximizes the final outcome. Considering the business ethics perspective for both the sides, they both are considering their decisions to be right and will benefit maximum people (Michel Weidman, 2015). Using the Utilitarian theory suggests strengthening the net neutrality will lead to the goal of open internet and their rules will benefit maximum people. The telecommunication companies would experience a decline in utility as open internet would have less innovation and no freedom of speech. The utility of this on ISPs would depend on the organization size. The end users will have equal access to everything on the internet and hence will increase its utility for them. Considering the other side with no net neutrality, the telecom companies will keep imposing charges to increase their own profits, big companies with more money will dominate the smaller ones by paying more for faster internet, the FCC will have no rules to regulate the internet flow and the end users will keep getting limited access to various sites (Chung Xing, 2011). Doing a total weightage to both the sides and calculating the final utility we can say that maximum people will benefit with net neutrality and from a Utilitarian perspective it seems to be ethical. Deontology applied to Net Neutrality The deontological ethical theory the moral quality of acts cite on the principals of maxims and Categorical Imperative Test. The acts failing the tests are considered morally wrong. Each individual has the right to give weightage to their own likes and dislikes. These Maxims are the aims of an individual (whether right or wrong). The act can be right if the maxim which the individual is aiming can become a universal law. So the Maxim for people in favor of net neutrality would mean no discrimination and for those opposing it would mean to discriminate. On the basis of the categorical imperative approach in deontology theory, an individuals will or practical reasons are an action of logical consistency. If the individual will can have everyone agree to his particular maxim, then that action is right. The service providers should not have all the authority to interfere the internet permits. As discrimination is morally wrong, hence deontology would favor net neutrality and have equal right with everyone to use the internet and various applications (Given, 2007). To make an ethically and morally right decision, the practical and logical approach seems to be the best for net neutrality. Virtue theory applied to Net Neutrality Virtue theory emphasizes on the moral character as compared to the ethical duties and regulations. It believes in Eudemonism, which means that goals of having a good life can be achieved by practicing virtue in day-to-day life (Geddes, 2016). Thistheory believes that open internet would increase innovation of the signals and networks which would be followed by an increase in the value of internet access to the final internet users and they would be willing to spend more for this value. Ultimately, this would create a virtuous circle. The main conclusion of this theory depends on having a more flexible regulatory approach (Downes, 2017). Contract Theory applied to Net Neutrality This theory is a study of agreements, which are formed between two parties, which may be two individuals or business organizations, to form specific rules agreed by both. This theory believes that getting into a contract will lead to moral living by individuals. Considering the contract theory, there exists an agreement between the end users and the service providers for the data charges that user agrees to pay to receive data services. There also exists an agreement between different service providers on specific terms. Hence, in case of violation of the agreement from the service providers side, the ISPs themselves are responsible it, and have to resolve it. From the mutually agreed terms of agreements, this theory would stand against net neutrality. However, the option 2 given above in this paper could be a solution in consideration of this contract theory (Audibert Murray, 2016). Conclusion The internet is a basic need of today for every individual and for every business. Absence of net neutrality will have service providers controlling the traffic and focusing on growing their profits instead of focussing on quality internet service. The comparison and logics stated in the ethical theories above leads us to support open internet as net neutrality treats everything equal without any discrimination and hence seems to be the correct thing to do and maximize the value of its outcomes by benefiting maximum end users of the internet, giving them all the rights to decide what is right for them and how much data they want to use. Actions that benefit the society as a whole are ethical actions. The net neutrality can bring a positive and a different shape to the internets future. References Audibert, L., Murray, A. (2016). A principled approach to network neutrality. Retrieved from https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/67362/7/Murray_Principled%20approach_2016.pdf Chung, A., Xing, C. (2011). The Ethics of Net Neutrality. Retrieved from https://web.cs.ucdavis.edu/~rogaway/classes/188/fall11/p211.pdf Downes, L. (2017, March 31). The Tangled Web of Net Neutrality and Regulation. Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2017/03/the-tangled-web-of-net-neutrality-and-regulation Geddes, M. (2016, April 05). Why You Should Demand 'Net Morality' Instead of 'Net Neutrality'. Retrieved from https://www.circleid.com/posts/20160405_why_you_should_demand_net_morality_instead_of_net_neutrality/ Given, C. (2007). Network Neutrality: Three Ethical Perspectives. Retrieved from https://craiggiven.org/docs/NN_CGIVEN.pdf Granados, N. (2017, May 31). The Net Neutrality Debate: Why There Is No Simple Solution. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/nelsongranados/2017/05/31/the-net-neutrality-debate-why-there-is-no-simple-solution/#717e45d55c67 Gross, D. (2014, January 16). 'Pay to play' on the Web?: Net neutrality explained. Retrieved from https://edition.cnn.com/2014/01/15/tech/web/net-neutrality-explained/index.html Michel, F., Weidman, E. (2015, February 13). Is net neutrality ethical from a utilitarian framework? Retrieved from https://uconnbusinessethics.wordpress.com/2015/02/13/is-net-neutrality-ethical-from-a-utilitarian-framework/

An analysis of the best investment decision by Jim

Introduction This paper, as indicated in the abstract discusses the financial viability appraisal methods that were used to advice the management of Jim-care medical centre on which of the two capital investment options to make. The hospital is a medium, but growing health centre that has a strategic plan to expand to attain a level of a fully fledged 24 hour service hospital with over 300 bed capacity. Currently, the institution has only 25 beds and the future looks as bright as it can be.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on An analysis of the best investment decision by Jim-care medical venter specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More While the ultimate goal of the hospital is to provide high quality medical care to the community, thus enhancing the social welfare of the people, the hospital has financial goals as well as it aims to make profits (Antony Robert, 2011). This will go a long way in helping it finance its curre nt and future expansion plans. The challenge at hand is therefore the insufficient funds to undertake many projects at the same time. This has made the hospital carry out several financial appraisal activities in the past so as to establish the ones that deserve the priority over others. This paper discusses one such financial appraisal activity that was commissioned by the management to identify which of the two capital expenditure projects that are in their strategic plan ought to be undertaken first. The main concern by the management of the hospital at the time was the cash flows since the cash generated by the services was not sufficient to meet all their operational and investment needs. The method used to carry out the appraisal was therefore the discounted cash flow method Net present value (NPV). Net present value is a financial appraisal method that takes in to consideration the time value of money and given the present value of the future cash flows (Wolf Sylvester, 2009 ). This once obtained is compared with the initial cash outlay and a decision is made to adopt the project that has a higher NPV where there are two or more mutually exclusive projects. If the method is used to appraise just one project an NPV above zero indicates that the project is viable and should be undertaken. The Hospital financial history and their strategic plan Jim-care medical center has been in operation for the last ten years. As such, it has recorded some considerable growth and it aims to have an increased growth in the next ten years. This is due to its strategic planning that takes a ten year span. The Year 2011 marked its first decade in operation and also marked a period where the hospital’s achievement of the set targets was to be evaluated. The institution had achieved virtually all the set goals and this served as an underlying stratum for the next ten year strategic planning (Barney, 1991). The hospital has however had difficulties with finances as some times they have been forced to borrow so as to boost their liquidity in order to meet their operational as well as recurrent expenditures. One of the objectives of the institution in the next ten years is to acquire improve in their financial position through increasing their liquidity as well as their cash flows.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Two projects The first project intends to construct a recreational facility for the hospitals’ staff who include the doctors, nurses, and the other medical staff. The aim of the project is to reduce the stress levels of the employees so as to enhance their service delivery. It was noted with concern that some doctors are experiencing fatigue during work and this resulted in some negligence while performing their duties. The project therefore aims to build a facility where the employees can go after work and have some relax ation and which would ensure that they have good rest. Some of the activities that to be carried in the facility is aerobics, in-door games such as table tennis, massage, and several other services. These activities are mean to provide a warm-down to the staff more so after work. The facility’s budget is $1,500,000.00 and is expected to pay back in the ten months. This is because its expected life is two years and before then it needs to have generated enough cash flows to enable the hospital’s management to carry out the other intended capital investments. The second project entailed building a cancer care center for the post admission therapy for the cancer patients. This was established as a need by the community since the hospital has a cancer treatment program that majorly includes chemo therapy. However, after carrying out the chemo-therapy the patients are referred to other medical centers since the institution has not yet built a cancer-care facility. The facil ity had a budget of $1,000,000.00 and was expected to generate the cash flows to pay back the investment in 8 months after which normal routine maintenance would be undertaken. Some of the activities intended for the facility were the post-chemo therapy care, rehabilitation as well as counseling. The hospital’s management had to choose between the two projects because the amount of cash they had then was not sufficient to undertake the two projects concurrently. By the end of the ten years strategic period, the hospital however intends to have built the two facilities. In this scenario, the limiting factor was the availability of the finances to fund the projects and as such the appraisal method that was used to come up with the investment advice was a financial quantitative method; Net present value as well as the Payback period (Milner, 2003). Other qualitative methods were considered as well but they did not prevail over the quantitative ones (Wild, Supranyam, Hasley, 200 7).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on An analysis of the best investment decision by Jim-care medical venter specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The link between the strategic plan and the financial decision As indicated earlier, Jim-care health center has a ten year strategic period in which it evaluates the achievements of the past ten years set goals, re-adjusts where the need arises as well as sets new strategic targets for the next one decade. One such target is to improve the liquidity so as to fully fund their cash needs through proceeds from the hospital operations rather than engaging in borrowings (Barney, 1991). The hospital therefore intends to increase their revenue base through introducing other revenue streams so as to improve the cash-flows. The two projects had were considered since they were expected to generate adequate cash flows to pay back the outlay in a period of less than 16 months. Once thes e projects had paid back in the set time period, any further cash in-flow is considered to be profits from the investment. The increased cash flow would offer the institution with additional cash flows to carry out further future investment decisions as well as meeting their recurrent expenditure and operational cash needs as they fall due (Frederick, 2001). An attainment of this goal would therefore be a milestone in achieving the hospital’s ten year strategic goal. The results of the projects appraisal were therefore necessary in establishing the most viable of the two projects. The finance team The hospital commissioned a team of five financial professional where I held the position of the chair of the committee. The time period for the whole process was one month where all the available financial literature, data collection, analysis, and presentation of the report were required. The experienced was tremendous since most of the environment provided a practical view of wha t had been learnt in class as theory. It enabled the whole team apply the financial appraisal methods theoretical framework in real life financial scenarios. The results were however encouraging as the financial and economic knowledge that was learn in class was put into practice. The methods that were used in appraising the two projects were the pay-back period and the Net Present value (NPV). This is because of the specific needs of the management. the hospital required to engage in a project that would generate cash flows which would pay back the cash the soonest. This necessitated the need for payback period as a quantitative method. The hospital also wanted to establish the project that would have higher cash flows in the soonest time and this necessitated the use of the Net Present Value. The Findings from the appraisal methods Using the payback period, the first project which entailed construction of a recreational facility for the staff had the following data.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More recreation Payback Period month C-flow Cumulative 1 235,200 235,200 2 280,910 516,110 3 320,123 836,233 4 363,483 1,199,716 5 409,909 1,609,625 6 459,617 2,069,242 7 512,840 2,582,082 4.73 The payback period was 4.73 months The second project had the following data available cancer care Cumulative month C-flow 1 160,000 160,000 2 184,500 344,500 3 201,200 545,700 4 230,958 776,658 5 265,328 1,041,986 6 305,236 1,347,222 7 351,820 1,699,042 8 406,478 2,105,520 4.84 The payback period for the cancer care center was 4.84 months Analysis using the Net Present value (NPV) Using the net present value to evaluate the projects, the following data were obtained. recreational facility PERIOD CASH FLOW month Investment cash flow Pvif 12% PV 0 -1,500,000 1 -1,500,000 1 235,200 0.8929 210,010 2 280,910 0.7972 223,941 3 320,123 0.7118 227,864 4 363,483 0.6355 230,993 5 409,909 0.5674 232,582 6 459,617 0.5066 232,842 7 512,840 0.4523 231,958 8 369,495 0.4039 149,239 9 391,194 0.3606 141,065 10 413,917 0.322 133,281 TOTAL 0 2,256,688 NPV 513,775 The data for the cancer care center was as follows cancer care center PERIOD CASH FLOW month Investment cash flow Pvif 12% NPV 0 -1,000,000 1 -1,000,000 1 160,000 0.8929 142,864 2 184,500 0.7972 147,083 3 201,200 0.7118 143,214 4 230,958 0.6355 146,774 5 265,328 0.5674 150,547 6 305,236 0.5066 154,633 7 351,820 0.4523 159,128 8 406,478 0.4039 164,176 TOTAL 0 1,105,520 208,420 The analysis of the findings The first method that was used to evaluate the project was the payback period. Payback period is the time that elapses before the project generates cash in-flows to offset the initial outlay (Wild, Supranyam, Hasley, 2007). Projects with shorter payback periods are preferred over the ones with longer ones. This is because of the risk that is associated with unforeseen future circumstances more so in the macro-economic environment. When appraising one project, the management sets the required payback period and if the project does not beat the set deadline by the management the project is rejected. Using this appraisal method, the recreational facility construction is the preferred one sine it has a shorter payback period of 4.73 years as compared to the cancer care center payback period of 4.84 years. The Net present value The Net Present Value is the most desired capital appraisal technique since it considers the time value of money. It is defined as the difference between the initial cash outlay and the present value of the future cash in-flows that a project generates (Wendy Mayer, 2003). It also considers other financial measures such as the cost of capital and as such, the management is able to make informed decisions on the market conditions. When using this method to appraise mutually exclusive projects, the pro ject with the highest net present value is chosen over the one that has a lower one. When appraising a single project’s viability, a project is considered acceptable if it has a net present value above zero. this means that the present value of the future cash flows is more than the present value of the cash outlay. Using this method to appraise Jim-care health center, the project that was preferred was the construction of the recreation facility for the staffs. This is because the study showed that the facility had a net present value of $513,775.00 as compared to the cancer care center that had a net present value of $208,420.00 The qualitative non-financial factors When carrying out financial appraisals, several non-financial factors are considered. These include such factors as the social welfare of the stakeholders, the environment conservation, and the motivational levels of employees which may not be captured in the quantitatively (Chrystal Lipsey, 1997). The non fina ncial factors that were considered in this study were the welfare of the cancer patients and the motivational level of the staffs. Building the cancer care center would be very beneficial to the cancer patients in the community. This is because though it generated less cash flow projection than the recreational facility, the cancer care center would be of great qualitative need to the organization. This was however not the priority as at then as the hospital had cash flow difficulties and needed projects that would increase their cash flow requirements. The other non-financial qualitative consideration considered was the motivation of employees at the hospital. The hospital management highly regarded this is an urgent need among the organization staff and as such, the choosing of the project highly regarded this need. The recreation center was chosen since it positively impacted n the motivation of the employees who saw that their welfare was being put into consideration by the mana gement. This was an addition reason as to why the team advised the management undertake this project. The outcome of the project The management as was advised went on to undertake the construction of the recreational facility. This resulted in a more than the expected returns since the amount of money invested was recovered in the first 5 months after the completion of the project. This means that the financial techniques used were highly effective and the hospital has been able to improve its liquidity as well as the cash flows. The consideration of the non-financial factors in the appraisal of the project was a also effective since the motivational levels of the employees has gone up considerable. The hospital is now in the process of undertaking the other project of building the cancer care center which promises to be a huge success as well. References Antony, A. A., Robert, S. K. (2011). Management Accouting: Information for Decision-Making and Strategy Execution. New York: Quo rum Books. Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management , 99-120. Chrystal, K. A., Lipsey, R. G. (1997). Economics for Business and Management. New York: Oxford University Press. Frederick, B. (2001). Executive Strategy: Strategic Management and Information Technology. New York: John Wiley Sons. Milner, J. F. (2003). Ivestment Decisions Under Capital Rationing. New York: Mc Graw Hill. Wendy, C., Mayer, C. (2003). Finance, Investment and Growth. Journal of Financial Economics , 10-326. Wild, J. J., Supranyam, K. R., Hasley, R. B. (2007). Financial Statement Analysis. New York: Mc Graw Hill. Wolf, W., Sylvester, E. (2009). Efficiency of capital taxation in an open economy: tax competition versus tax exportation. European Journal of Political Research , 637-646. This essay on An analysis of the best investment decision by Jim-care medical venter was written and submitted by user Analia Boyer to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Post-Cold War Conflicts and International Order essays

Post-Cold War Conflicts and International Order essays As one looks at international relations in this post-cold war era, it is important to know that the liberal-realist ideologies are crucial elements to understanding post-cold war conflicts. Realists believe that wars arise from the efforts and desire of states to obtain power and security in an anarchic world. In a realists perspective, the balance of power, rally of allies, competition over territories and resources are the roots of war. In addition, realists deem the notions of self-help and arms build-up as the decisive arbiters for states in an anarchic world. Liberalists on the other hand believe that conflicts and the prevention of conflicts are not only determined by the balance of power, but also by the domestic structures of states, their values, identities, and cultures, and international institutions for conflict resolution. (Nye, 587) A liberalist would argue the importance of domestic structures and values in relation to international affairs. To further understand post-cold war conflicts and international order, I will first look at works conducted by Joseph Nye and Michael Klare and in the end I will incorporate Wohlforth and Huntingtons articles on hegemony against the wider background of world relations. Joseph Nyes Conflicts after the Cold War suggests that since the beginning of the post-cold war era, three accounts of conflict have emerged. He believes that a great deal of uncertainty exists in international relations since the Cold War era because international institutions designed around past conflicts have not yet caught up to the changed nature of post-cold war conflicts. Nye explains that the present wars of today are divided into three categories: great power, regional and internal. He considers regional and great power to be the most devastating types but also the least expected. The least threatening but most prevalent wars are internal communal wars. Nye s...

Forensic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Forensic - Essay Example Secondly, the entire scene has to be documented with the specific location of where the evidence was found indicated. Thirdly, the digital evidence is collected, labelled and preserved. After that, the already secured evidence is packed and transported in a secure manner. Lastly, it is presented in court without any alterations. It is important to follow all the steps in order maximise on the viability of the evidence. Poor handling of the evidence, is likely to render it in usable due to tampering (CDESF Working Group, 2006). Once at the scene, I had to ensure that I record what is visible on the screen as I wait the full legal authority team to seize the evidence to continue with further examination of the computer. After seizing the computer, I will label, pack and transport it to a secure place so that it can be used to provide evidence. Encryption was used in the past to prevent people from viewing incriminating files (Taylor, Haggerty, Gresty, & Hegarty, 2010). A message is encoded using a particular key, hence making it impossible for anybody to decrypt it. Lastly, media database systems can be unified into one. Encryption and stenography can be used legitimately by forensic examiners to ensure that there is minimal tampering with the collected evidence. Stenography was used in the past to ensure confidential communication. Secondly, it can be used to protect data since it is

Using Scientific Method Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Using Scientific Method - Research Paper Example the addition of nitrogen into non-arable soil to make it arable, there are other ways carried out to make it arable, they include; digging and installation of wells and canal, and addition of tree for shading purposes. As the experiment progress, we will record differences when nitrogen fertilizers added to maize into two different soil samples.( Brady & Weil ) The experiment was called mineral nitrogen fertilizer. Various kilograms of nitrogen fertilizers per 100 acres used to get result, fertilizer statistics composed in an increase of 20kg at each acre. In addition to that, a nitrogen fertilizer per 100 acres was added to the yield per every year. As the experiments proceed maize at non-arable soil, grow at higher late than that in arable soil.( Brady & Weil ) According to my hypothesis, I was correct that maize in the soil, which is non-arable, it would grow at a higher rate than on arable soil.( Berlin De Gruyter. ) As the experiment progress, we have noticed that maize in the non-arable soil grow at higher rate than in arable soil, every time nitrogen fertilizer added on it. On the other hand, as the fertilization process came close to 180kg per 100 acres, both were at the equal produce of 20.1mg of dry mass. Perhaps this happened because arable soil has been in use for many years.( Berlin De Gruyter.

Interview a parent on child culture,views,race etc Essay

Interview a parent on child culture,views,race etc - Essay Example On the other hand, development of language and self-esteem in children has also been attributed to social interactions. In addition to that, social interaction leads to a more cohesive community and families. The method chosen for this study was interviewing. This data collection method was preferred since it results to more data. Secondly, it gives respondents a chance to address the questions using as much information as possible. Thirdly, interviewing provides the researcher with an opportunity to clarify on issues since it is a one on one affair. The major setback of this method is the time taken to collect the data. It will take a researcher more time compared to when other data collection methods such as questionnaires are used. To understand the above themes, the respondent was subjected to the following questions. Interview questions and responses from the parent Do you think establishing a sleeping routine for children is important? Responses: Yes it is. It makes the childre n know when they are expected to sleep It is important in establishing a time that children must sleep. Parents need to realize that they play a big role in making this a success. How do you think parents can establish a consistent sleeping routine for children? Responses By setting a particular time when the children are expected to sleep and adhering to it By ensuring that children associate bed with sleep, that is, they should sleep as soon as they get to bed. How do parents or caregivers affect the sleeping routine of their babies? Response Caregivers affect the sleeping patterns of the children by allowing children to be involved in other activities such as watching TV instead of sleeping. How does play affect the physical and social growth in children? Response It plays an important role in the physical development of children. It also assists in identifying the talents and nurturing them Do you think play can encourage social interaction among the children? Kindly explain Res ponses Yes, it helps them to become more confident and develop communication skills. It should be encouraged to assist children especially who are shy to regain their confident. Play may make children more assertive and ready to confront any challenges on their way How do video games help in fostering development in children? Response It assists in fostering intellectual capacity in children. They assist in making children more creative and even improve in arithmetic What do you think contributes to poverty in families? Response Lack of quality education making it impossible for people to be employed Unemployment and unequal distribution of resources. How does poverty affect the relationship between children and parents? Responses It can cause family problems such as violence, which can affect the relationship between children and parents It denies children a chance to receive quality education and health How can families establish good relationship despite being poor? Response They should know that money is not everything, love and harmony plays a big role in the family. Therefore, the family should ensure poverty does not steal the good relationship important for development. What is the significance of language in a community? Responses It assists in conveying the norms of a given group of people from one culture to another It makes a given group of

Sonnys Blues Plot Analysis

Sonnys Blues Plot Analysis The contrasting lives of two brothers contribute to the theme of being safe while being risk takers. In this story, Baldwin writes about two brothers who grew up together. As each of the boys grew older, their friendship diminished and they ended up having two completely different lives. The narrator, who is the older brother seemed to be more cautious and had a more determined manner to develop a good future. Sonny, the younger brother, was more free and adventurous as he lived in the moment. Sonny did not even know what his plans were for the next hour, let alone the rest of his life. The narrators greatest source of dissatisfaction was his selfish desire to learn and live a respectable life safely as a teacher of high school algebra. When Sonny learns the consequences about drugs and the law, he feels threatened. Sonnys brother lives in a safe environment while Sonnys environment is very unsafe and that is why Baldwin carefully set the brothers as opposites. The narrator is a cons ervative, respectable family man who is a professor of mathematics and is proud of its professional status. In the story, Sonny interprets of the narrator, who worked for Sonny as guardian, father figure, and a brother-peer. The narrator describes Sonny as a savage, but not crazy. He says Sonny had always been a good boy, he never healed or evil or disrespectful, and how children can so quickly (Baldwin 85). He compared students Sonny: a dreamy, disillusioned and obedient, but is grappling with the desperation of his live in a poor promise. The author used the name of the story Sonnys Blues, to give readers a clue to the theme of history. Noun the blues is defined in the mood unhappiness and depression. This theme is present throughout the story. Blues is a style of music that reflects a sad mood. Blues as well as being in the music, the basic structure of the story, and as the narrator and his brother, Sonny has played a role in depression. Sonnys brother is a shared perspective on this story, because he feels responsible for keeping his brother safe. His Brother learns to listen to all this history to understand the life of Sonny. The narrator as he fought for his life and how he is now watching his younger brother, Sonny fought through the same situation. He worried about the life of Sonny that might not be able to escape the turmoil that life brings, above all, a musician who has no family ties and job security. Sonny tries to become a jazz musician, the narrator watches and listens as Sonny goes through many adversities in life. He does not want Sonny to be a jazz musician, because there is no future there. At the end of the story, Sonnys brother was invited into a nightclub to watch and listen to his brother. During his visit, he learns and listens to understand Sonny and how he uses his music to survive, and how the music gives meaning to their lives. In the central scene of Sonnys Blues, is when the narrator agrees to go with Sonny to the night jazz club. The narrators realization that he must accept Sonny for who he is happened at the night club. This is the first time that Sonnys brother feels content with Sonny as he plays the piano and listens to his blues music. There he meets Sonnys musician friends who appreciate the way in which the narrator accepted his brother. The next scene, the narrator begins to understand the language of jazz and how it has changed the lives of Sonny for the best. Director, Creole, who was the bassist of the band, did the brother of mighty deed teaching Sonny how to play the piano. The benefit of the blues helped Sonny to end his drug addiction. During this scene, the brother of Sonny reflected in Creole and Sonny saw him with respect, to let him run the band that made his brother see that Sonny had talent and pursued his talent. Living in a housing project in Harlem, Sonnys brother determined to protect themselves from the risks that surrounded them. You will notice that the narrator and Sonnys neighborhood were mostly blacks and poor people in Harlem. Their working class embittered father, whose pride and optimism is diminished fought to support the family to openly racism. Sonny, however, is a romantic artist, who is not afraid to take risks to pursue what he wants. His passion for music makes him impatient. He stayed away from school, but not away from danger. Sonny wants to live a respectful life but it is very hard for him. He did different things to try to escape this corruption, he tries to escape by joining the army, but fails. And he tries to escape by use of illegal drugs. When life feels like a toll on Sonny, he takes for his music. He realizes that his problems are real and that he can really escape them. Music is played in his life which changes his pain and suffering. Maybe not so that you can definitely stay away from danger, as the father of Sonny said, there is no safe place at all (Baldwin 95). Sonny music provides a channel to express the darkness within him, while his sense of life slowly recovers. The story of Sonnys Blues illustrated how life was growing up in an African American family during 1930 -1960s. Black Americans struggled to make their imprint on society. The life of the amazing blind musician Ray Charles comes to my mind as I struggle to understand how the African American culture learned to survive during this time. Sonny and Ray Charles had many of the same life experiences, in particular relying on drugs to forget their past and living in a society where the black man struggled to make a living. Both men used their music of rhythm and blues to gain respect from family and friends.

Abortion :: essays research papers

Glasgow, Scotland. It's cold outside. I'm thinking about a problem. One group of people trying to force their beliefs on others, based on religion. And it seems as though we're regressing. Above, a helicopter flies by. If it continues on its course, it will shortly be over Ireland, where as of this writing, the powers that be are deciding if a 14-year-old girl who was raped by the father of one of her friends should be allowed to leave for Britain to obtain an abortion. She's been ordered not to leave the country for nine months. Fourteen years old. Raped. The issue of an unborn fetus takes on more importance than the fact that the rapist walks free. Extreme, but this is a place where the church influences the government. And when I think of the movements concerning abortion in the United States, it definitely seems as though we're regressing. "My body's nobody's body but mine... You run your own body, let me run mine." At the University of San Diego a few years ago, pro-lifers gathered, while pro-choicers chanted the above. Sides clashed and tension ran high. A banner equating pro-choice ideology with Nazism and Hitler was displayed. "Baby Killers," a little red stop sign said -- a sign held by a well-dressed 3-year-old who sat atop the shoulders of his upper-middle class father. The kid looked confused and frightened. The ominous presence of armed police on horseback would be enough to upset anyone. And I wondered how this child got pulled into this? I wondered how any of us got pulled into this. The fact is that those people handing down decisions on the abortion issue are not the ones who will have to live or die by it. Ten years old. That's the age my child would have been. And I would not be here in Glasgow. I wouldn't be in this band or traveling. And I wouldn't have seen the liberal ways in which other countries we have visited deal with this issue. I wouldn't have been asked to write this piece. The fact that I've been through it on all levels is the only reason I accepted. Perhaps I'll have a child in the future, when I can provide properly. Who knows. But as individuals in this "free" country, we must have the right to choose when that time is right. A couple -- perhaps 15 or 16 years old, maybe 10 years older -- is faced with an unwanted pregnancy; it makes no difference if there is no means of support.

Book Review Malcolm X

Book Review: Terrill’s Malcolm X Inventing Radical Judgment Terrill, Robert. Malcolm X: inventing radical judgment. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 2004. Print. When saying the name Malcolm X many things come to mind extremist, violence, racists, but usually not motivational speaker. Catalytic is defined as increasing a reaction rate, Terrill uses this term to describe Malcolm X ‘s rhetoric style that left him a highly noted public figure. So why was he important? Why is Malcolm X a must read for high school and college students? In his book Malcolm X: Inventing Radical Judgment Robert E.Terrill makes the argument through out his book that though Malcolm X did not leave anything, or change laws, and his speeches were never documented correctly, but that it was his way of using rhetoric to his advantage he began to help people think critically and form their own opinion. Terrill’s term â€Å"catalytic rhetoric† refers to how Malcolm X would pr esent a speech in a way that would make people think and come to the conclusion and interoperate what was being said and then the audience would take action as they saw necessary to fix the problems mostly about race in their communities.His speeches were not only intended for African Americans, but also Whites who were equally important to persuade for a change even if it meant going against the Nation of Islam. Malcolm X’s public speaking, according to Terrill, is a model of radical criticism, and we can see his speeches not simply as the means to liberate, anti-racist end but as a â€Å"theory of rhetorical action† (p. 17). Terrill mostly discusses the progressively more critical voice that Malcolm X launched against the Nation of Islam’s principle in his last year.During this period, Malcolm X asked African Americans to hold tight to both the ballot and the bullet, employing each strategically and not becoming ideologically reliant upon either one. At the sa me time, Terrill maintains that this rhetoric forged a sense of shared identity and purpose among his African-American listeners that allowed them to translate their critical questions into modes of action. Most know that joining the Nation of Islam Malcolm X turned away from a life of crime and spent more time and energy on the teachings of Muhammad, this is where he formed his platform on most racial issues and his desire to mpower African Americans to better themselves and their futures. However, Terrill makes the argument that the Nation of Islam prevented him from speaking out, and to more diverse people which is what Malcolm wanted, calling Elijah Muhammad’s teaching â€Å"rambling apocalyptic visions† (p. 105). While Terrill’s primary argument centers on Malcolm X in his last year of life without the Nation of Islam, he places this material in context by comparing it to Malcolm X’s rhetoric within the Nation of Islam and other speeches.This I found to be one of the more interesting parts of the book looking at well-known African American authors and comparing their work with Malcolm X’s style. Terrill uses the approach of looking at African American â€Å"prophetic† speakers from the past to examine the way they influenced Malcolm’s speeches. He looks at four speakers that use prophetic protest Frederick Douglass’s â€Å"What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? † W. E. B. Du Bois’s â€Å"the Conservation of Races, David Walker’s â€Å"Appeal†, and â€Å"The Confessions of Nat Turner (p. 62).He compares Douglas with Malcolm by showing how they both talked to the white community and understood the importance in changing the way that they thought, since they were the majority and the most effective way of change is having more people on your side (p. 62). This collection of speeches Terrill calls the prophetic speech a key method of African-American protest rhetoric. Thro ugh a breakdown of prophetic texts by Frederick Douglass, W. E. B. DuBois, David Walker and Nat Turner, Terrill distinguishes between the jeremiad (a long complaint) and the apocalyptic style (unrevealing of future) of prophetic communication.While the jeremiad (shown in this text by DuBois and Douglass) retains faith in the possibility for American social change, apocalyptic texts (shown by Walker and Turner) claim that only a radical break will bring about the golden age anticipated by religious prophesy. Terrill acknowledges the crucial role that the prophetic tradition has played in African-American organizations and texts and locates the Nation of Islam’s rhetoric within this tradition.Such rhetoric contributed to the reputation and steadiness of the Nation of Islam and the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) as radical organizations, as it offered consistent projects for identification and action. Prophetic rhetoric model was challenging approach for it was o ften times confusing and made it hard to understand for listeners and readers. The Nation of Islam taught participants to see straight references to Elijah Muhammad and the African-American struggle in the Bible just like how Frederick Douglass asked his readers to interpret the Constitution as an anti-slavery document.Terrill ultimately sees such models of reading to harsh not letting the audience come to conclusions by themselves and created too much of an emphasis on God and pre-determined. But while he states early on that he will reject the prophetic tradition for its strictness, Terrill goes on and on about prophetic history for practically half of the book. Following an extensive reading of the four texts by Douglass, DuBois, Walker and Turner, Terrill traces the prophetic tradition until he reaches the Nation of Islam (NOI).Painting a bad picture of the nation Terrill says that the NOI walked the line between reformism and revolutionary sentiment by combining socially conser vative and politically disengaged action with an apocalyptic vision of the American future (p. 78). During his almost rant about the Nation of Islam he tends to over look the clear fact that Malcolm X is a highly recognized public figure because of that organization. Through out the book his undertone leaves almost a bad taste in your mouth as Terrill speaks so poor of the Nation.Terrill proceeds to outline Malcolm X’s speech, from a strict association with the Nation of Islam’s tradition of prophetic with strict rhetoric, then moving toward a gradually more open dialogue with concrete politics and social critiques. Through close readings Terrill identifies the beginnings of Malcolm X’s afterward-rhetorical review in his early speeches, while maintaining that only in his final year did Malcolm X move productively beyond prophecy and begin to model â€Å"radical judgment. The year before Malcolm X died Terrill argues he â€Å"worked to break his audiences free from the confines of the dominant white culture while at the same time helping them avoid becoming trapped within another set of restrictions† (p. 110). Terrill states several times, the year before Malcolm X’s death that was the time when he gave the most influential messages and used his rhetorical skills to fulfill his goals, for African Americans to become rhetoricians themselves. This being said it is the purpose of this book to prove that Malcolm X was trying (through his speeches) to teach African Americans to think for themselves.After doing so to maintain their freedom it becomes critical that they do not fall into like minded thinking again especially with white people, but by doing that they will fall back in to the repression they were in. Malcolm X’s need to communicate more effectively with his audience was a major factor in his split with the Nation of Islam and one that has been basically ignored by scholars. Terrill sees Malcolm X as first and fo remost a public speaker, and the Nation of Islam’s prophetic rhetoric ultimately became confining in his attempt to address political as well as religious matters.After his break with the NOI, Terrill notes an increasingly individualist style in Malcolm X’s rhetoric. Disillusioned by the hierarchical structure of the NOI, he rejected its rigid narrative structures and began to preach â€Å"radical flexibility. † (142) In doing so Terrill argues, Malcolm X aloud his audience to develop a â€Å"trickster consciousness,† questioning both hegemonic and extremely cruel anti-hegemonic doctrines (p. 171). He repeats many times that African Americans should become more critical of the world around them, and question things to better themselves.That African Americans should not support an action without knowing all of the details and judging it for themselves. This is the major key role that Malcolm wanted his listeners to understand that if they can think more cr itically about the world around them than they can become more independent from disheartening world. While stating multiple times that Malcolm X desires his listeners to be individual thinkers, Terrill towards the end of his book turns away from the intense independence often connected with trickster-style questioning of doctrines.Combined identity remained important to Malcolm X’s project. According to Terrill, Malcolm X’s late speeches were a form of â€Å"constitutive rhetoric† that helped define the audience as part of a collectivity. The switching of the ideas towards the end of the book tend to be a bit confusing since through out the book the main idea is independent thinking then switches back to collective thinking. This idea of radical critique did not appear simply in such obvious statements.Terrill argues that it was shown in Malcolm X’s rhetorical choices, as when Malcolm criticized his Black audience members for unthinkingly supporting a Dem ocratic Party that had done little to advance the civil rights movement. Instead, he urged them to use their voting power more strategically â€Å"Don’t register and vote — register! † He meant this in a way that he believed that most of the politicians in that day were not looking out for the black man so do not vote for them just because you can vote, because no matter who you vote for none of them are concerned with the black man.As he broke down the social definitions that trapped his African-American audience members, the inner rationality of his rhetoric allowed them to redefine themselves as members of an aggressively African community. This delicate relationship between individualism and collectivism, Terrill argues permitted listeners to continue their own perspectives of radical judgment, but it did not cause stable activist organizations. Malcolm X’s Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU) and the Muslim Mosque, Inc. (MMI) never achieved the stability of more traditional, hierarchical organizations such as the NOI.These were programs that Malcolm X started after leaving the Nation of Islam. â€Å"The post-Malcolm histories of his OAAU and MMI serve as concrete reminders,† Terrill tells us, â€Å"that this sort of radical critique cannot easily sustain a traditionally defined political movement. † (185) Terrill’s investigation is useful in its focus on how Malcolm X’s rhetoric fully affected his audience. There is no uncertainty that Malcolm X’s words formed his audience’s perceptive of themselves and of the political environment. It opened them up to tools of critical investigation.Terrill sees this effect as Malcolm X’s major solid involvement to the essential anti-racist struggle. Turned off by the hierarchical organization and â€Å"closed narratives† of the Nation of Islam, Terrill says that Malcolm X’s post-NOI language does not interpret easily into o rdered political movements. Instead it creates a community of important individuals who cannot be brought in by the limitations of hierarchical political movements, though they may â€Å"assemble momentarily †¦ coherent texts, motives, and identities. † (191) This part of the book Terrill comes close to allowing Malcolm X to reduce into a poststructuralist realm of open.Taken up from all blocked ideologies, Malcolm X and his listeners can apparently act only temporarily, in short-lived moments of shared action. Terrill is absolutely right to recognize Malcolm X’s desire to question and revise structures of thinking, but he underestimates the potential for solid political group, even hierarchical organization, that continue in Malcolm X’s system of â€Å"radical judgment. † Even though Terrill continues to state that Malcolm X’s rhetoric instructs listeners to stay away from giving into hierarchical structures, he restricts his own study of org anizational forms influenced by Malcolm’s adical conclusion to Malcolm X’s own organizations that he started. The MMI and the OAAU, on the other hand were by no means the only organizations that relied greatly upon the rhetoric of Malcolm X’s last year. Neither did Malcolm himself analysis his own organizations as the necessary leaders in the movement. He saw his organizations as structures planned to increase a principles, and he strained the potential for partnership work involving similarly organizations.Even though Malcolm might have been to some extent only seen other organizations to their face value, we might look to other organized embodiment of Black independence to see his observation come alive. We may see the different gathering of organizations frequently known as the Black Power movement as an over used organizational personification of Malcolm X’s radical judgment. Malcolm X’s everything has been used name, image and words have been adopted by numerous Black Power groups and continue to be adopted.But we might also read Malcolm’s iconic status as the celebration and enactment of his radical judgment. A mixture of organizations acted out Malcolm X’s rhetorical tradition of critique and fighting through their personal organizational structures and existing ideologies. The Black Panther Party used heavily Malcolm X’s support for self-defense much like how Malcolm used Douglass and others, his perseverance upon the need for instant survival programs, and his argument that African Americans should think strategically about using both the ballot and the bullet.The Panther’s rebellious principles and militaristic party authority might turn Terrill off, but never the less they were a clear example of an organizational understanding of many of Malcolm X’s ideas. Panthers enacted the critical judgment that Terrill sees in Malcolm X’s rhetoric without rejecting all forms of organi zational hierarchy or denying their dependence on ideology. Terrill shows Malcolm X as a beneficial social critic who gave his audience the tools they needed to resist.He offers a central idea when he shows us Malcolm X’s speeches as resourceful models of evaluation that do not basically teach facts. Malcolm X’s rhetoric encourages listeners to build such critiques independently. Malcolm’s rhetoric was not simply a means of group classification but a movement to collective action. Through out this whole book Terrill makes very strong comparisons with other well-known African American authors. Doing this really helps readers connect more and gain a better understanding to whatTerrill was trying to prove through out the book. To me the book was a bit lengthy in some parts where in others it could of used more emphasis on. The book had a simple topic and that was Malcolm X style of rhetoric and how his speeches helped his listeners become more critical analyzers. B ut at the end of the book Terrill points out how Malcolm ditches his platform and persuades his followers to become more collective, it made the book seem inconsistent and lost most of its argument.This book would be beneficial for people to read because it does show how Malcolm X’s rhetorical style was different than most. Only argument to be made is that the later half of the book contradicts the rest of what Terrill was trying to prove and therefore made the book illegitimate. The good is that Terrill broke the book down into 3 different sub sections, which also made the book easier to read. Again also the side-to-side comparisons helped Terrill make a concrete argument. Overall a good book but the lengthiness in some parts made it a little boring.

The Greenhouse Effect Essays - Climate Change, Greenhouse Gases

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Emotional Intelligence - Essay Example According to Goleman, emotional intelligence is the management of feelings so that they are expressed appropriately and effectively in order to allow people to work together for a common goal (Leadership Organization 2012: 42). Additional definitions given include one that calls it the capacity to understand and use emotional information, either from others or from one’s own, accordingly. The concept of emotional intelligence is tied around the ability to be aware and express emotions; moreover, it is the ability to be aware of other people’s feelings, establish interpersonal relationships and the ability to manage and regulate emotions. The other two aspects of emotional intelligence are the ability to realistically and flexibly cope with the immediate situation and solve problems of personal and interpersonal nature as they arise, as well as generate positive feelings that allow one to be motivated adequately in order to achieve personal goals. In addition, emotional intelligence is known to affect the personality traits that an individual exhibits, which include sociability, extraversion, self-esteem, persistence and optimism. This is because, by people understanding their own, and other people’s feelings, people can manage relationships appropriately. Therefore, emotional intelligence is crucial in influencing people and leading them to achieve certain goals that in which one has an interest. In leadership, it is crucial to have emotional intelligence and apply it to all situations that involve relationships with people in order to affect the outcome that people under one’s leadership. This is particularly so in transformational leadership styles. Moreover, in this form of leadership, a leader operates at the emotional level of transforming people and their outcomes (Leadership Organization 2012: 18). Therefore, in transformational leadership, emotional intelligence is used to inspire involvement, loyalty, commitment and performa nce (Leadership Organization 2012: 18). In addition, this is done by leaders identifying themselves as a force and commissioners of change through taking up that role and embodying with it (Leadership Organization 2012: 18). This is concerning the behavior they portray and the influence they seek to mount on their followers. Thus, leaders using the transformational style of leadership are able to motivate their followers to do more than what they intend to do, and that which they consider themselves capable of achieving by providing a sense of belonging (Deloitte 2012: 10). Emotions are expressed in offering meaning and offering challenging tasks to followers in order to motivate them. This shows the role of emotional intelligence in offering motivation in leadership by letting one’s followers own the goals of an organization and create, and the leader creates an enthusiastic environment in which to work. In addition, transformational leaders and emotional intelligence go han d in hand owing to the leaders characteristics. This is because transformational leaders conduct themselves in ways that are admirable, respectable and that can be trusted by their followers. Thus, they are role models for their followers by portraying the goals and needs of an organization as their own. Moreover, this behavior works on the emotions of the followers by provoking a desire to achieve together with a formidable leader. An additional way in which transformational leadership and emotional intelligence are related is in the opportunities offered by a leader concerning furthering the ideas of their followers. This occurs by leaders engaging their followers in exploring ideas, which builds the relationship between the two parties (Brady et al. 2008: 58). Therefore, the relationship between leaders and followers gets a boost by interacting, exchanging ideas, challenging assumptions and developing new ideas for the betterment of the organization (Leadership Organization 2012: 18). Furthermore, on leadership styles, emotional intelli

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Risk Management and Quality Care in HealthCare - Research Paper Example Considering the above factors, the techniques to enhance the quality care has also been discussed henceforth. When a patient in a healthcare organization is harmed due to a medical error, the risk and the quality managers need to display immediate interest to identify the root of the error. A detailed curriculum is followed observing the different reasons, which have led to such litigation. However, it has been observed that both the quality managers and the risk managers have a separate set of investigation techniques and hardly share any information among them causing a gap in the rick control mechanism followed by healthcare organizations in general. Considering the fact that both the groups are working with the same motive, the groups have found a common ground upon which a collaborative model can be pursued to enhance their approach (WHO, n.d.). Risk management is a very popular practice in healthcare organizations, as it helps to provide a much developed care to the patients. The quality care to the patients can be provided through continuous monitoring of medical activity that is being organized for patients. Again, it can be also said that no two organizations are alike hence no single model of risk management/quality control can suffice the need of every healthcare. Every organization follows different sets of procedures to cover up the risks that the healthcare is exposed to. However, with the focus of quality management, the policies of the organizations are more or less stable, even when new tools and procedures are incorporated (ASHRM, 2007). Notably, the quality care is presently gaining momentum at the healthcare industry and covers the all-around care for the patients. This involves the medical safety of the patients and maintaining a proper grievance cell to adhere to the grievances of the patients. Proper

Motivation in the Workplace Essay Example for Free

Motivation in the Workplace Essay Motivation is difficult to explain and practice. However motivation is still the one thing that makes people productive in their jobs. Whether the motivation is tangible or not, it all depends on the individual and how management takes the information and applies it. There are many theories and practices that can be studied and applied to any situation. Motivational theories are studied and practiced by theorists and companies to increase productivity. According to Jerald Greenberg (1999) scientist have defined motivations â€Å"as the process of arousing, directing and maintaining behavior towards a goal†. The act of arousing is related to the desire and vigor to produce. Directing is the election of behavior, and maintenance is the inclination to behave a certain manner until the desired outcome is met (Greenberg 1999). Much of the motivation theories will be related to the definition provided. Some major motivation theories along with the method to successfully motivate employees will be introduced. The theory and method that a manager may choose to use will depend on the environment and on the individual. There are two types of motivation theories content and process. The Content theories are based on the basic need and drives. The other theories focus on the process by which people are motivated (Pepitone, 1999). Content theories of motivation focus on this question: What causes behavior to occur and stop? The answers usually center on (1) the needs, motives or desires that drive pressure and forces employees to action and (2)employees relationships to the incentive that lead, induce, pull and persuade them to perform. The needs or motives are internal to the individual. They cause people to choose a specific course of action to satisfy a need. Incentives are external factors that give value or utility to the goal or outcome of the employees behavior (Pepitone, 1999). Abraham H. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a content motivational theory. Maslow’s basis was human behavior. He conducted his investigation between 1939 and 1943. The hierarchy of needs has five sets of goals that are called basic needs. Maslow’s idea was â€Å" people will not be healthy and well-adjusted unless they have their needs met† (Greenberg 1999). Maslow arranged the needs in different levels in order of importance. As in a hierarchy the lower level are the most basic needs and the top are the higher level needs. Looking at the figure below one can see how the hierarchy works. The lower order needs must be met before proceeding to the higher order needs. According to Greenberg (1999), Maslow’s needs are in the following order: physiological need, safety need, social need, esteem need, and self-actualization. Man’s basic needs are physiological, for example, hunger, thirst, sleep, etc. When these are satisfied they are replaced by safety needs reflecting ones desire for protection against danger or deprivation. These in turn, when satisfied are replaced by the need for love or belonging to, which are functions of man’s desire to belong to a group, to give and receive friendship and to associate happily with people. When these needs have been satisfied, the esteem needs seeks to be met. One desires self -esteem and self-respect, which are affected by a person’s standing reputation, and his need for recognition and appreciation. Finally, individuals have a need for self-actualization or a desire for self-fulfillment. The urge by individuals for self-development, creativity and job satisfaction (Boeree 1999) In the past, management rewards systems have attempted to satisfy an individual’s lower level needs for safety and physiological security, for protection against deprivation and the threat to a worker or his family. However, management rewards systems should be, aiming to satisfy the individual’s actual need (Boeree 1999). When believed that a certain reward is important and can be attained, the individual will demonstrate a given amount of effort. This in turn will be demonstrated in performance. The link between effort, performance and expectancy is about accomplishing the task. The links between the performance and reward are connected. One’s assumption for whether the rewards are available if the person worked effectively describes the link. In this link the manager/organization is responsible of acknowledging the performance of the employee. If the manager/organizatio n does not acknowledge the employee, there can be a breakdown in the motivation. The acknowledgment needs to be direct, strong, and immediate. Employees usually determine in advance what their behavior may accomplish and the value they place on alternative possible accomplishments or outcomes. Goal setting theory is the specification of goal to increase performance. Assigning difficult goals usually result in higher performance. Goal setting has three components that have to be used to successfully apply this concept. First the identification of the process, then the characteristics and finally the feedback. The characteristics of goal setting consist of making the goal specific and challenging. The goal must be challenging to increase self-efficacy. It has been noted that a difficult task tends to increase an employee’s performance. This may be because usually people work harder to reach a challenging goal as long it is believed that it can be done. Lastly, feedback will allow people to be informed of their progress. This stage usually included praises about the good job that has been done (Wheaton Cameron, 1998). The descriptions of content and process theories of motivation dealing with organizational and individual behavior are briefly explained. The explanation is only a basis for a better understanding on why and how to approach the concept of motivating employees. All the theories conclude that the manner that managers perceive their organizations and their employees affect their productivity. Whether they are private, public or non-profit organization their aim is to be productive and effective. When looking at the different sectors, they have different goals and objectives, and therefore they must take different approaches in management. Though this may be true we must also acknowledge that all sectors require one to motivate their staff to produce. As managers we must into consideration the different type of individual that make up our organizations. One must modify management styles and behaviors. Dr. Renis Likert has researched many organizations and developed an effective manner to motivate employees and have a productive organization. He has identified four management styles that he feels should be a part of management style in an organization. First exploitive style is where management makes all the decisions and the lower levels are given no power this style has an authoritative approach. The second is the benevolent style that has an authoritative approach, however in this case the management has some trust. The consultative style has substantial amount of trust in their staff. The staff is motivated by reward and some involvement. There is some communication and teamwork involved. Lastly the participative style is more of the group approach. Management has confidences in their staff and the staff feels responsible in accomplishing the organizations mission. This style encourages communication and teamwork. The participative style is the best approach for profit and customer service organizations. Organizations should make the transition to train management to motivate their staff using the participative approach (Cook 1991). As a manager it is difficult to motivate your staff to be productive; however, using certain methods can create a positive environment. It was thought that money motivated people but that has changed. Much of the theories discussed before deal with individual behaviors and needs. One can conclude that motivation is internal and as employers one must make observations and decide what each individual desires. According to Cook (1991) manager must give their staff as much as an organization can. Many employees want to have benefits and security, however; what happens after a job has provided those needs. Remember that Maslow theory has the five needs of an individual and they do not all deal with the necessary needs. As an employer identifying what stage your employee is in will help in putting a plan into action. Collaboration is a way to give employees the feeling of importance. Eliminating any kind of obstacle will create an atmosphere that your staff is eager to perform (Bruce, A. Pepitone, J. 1999). Another approach is educating your employees and matches them to projects that they find interesting and those on which they are knowledgeable. Employees are willing to work harder on projects that they can relate to. This will also increase their success rate that will help in improving their self-esteem. Yet another way to increase productivity is with empowerment. Giving people the choice to make decisions and giving them the tools and supports to their job will increase the inner motivation force within the employees. Encourage staff to satisfy their need for affiliation and create a relationship with the employee to be part of the organizations mission. It is difficult to motivate employees when a manager’s view is negative. For instance a manager’s behavior is explained with McGregors Theory X or Theory Y. In this case a manager must identify what style of managing is most effective. Building morale is an important concept when motivating employees. Morale will help create productivity in an organization. Developing a shared vision is a way to begin building morale. For instance as managers, one must communicate views honestly a directly during discussion with employees about performance. Make sure they have the necessary information to do their job. Allow employees to influence their own performance goals. Get out of the offi ce, be visible and accessible. Communicate a clear view of the long-range direction of the organization. Listen carefully and consider the opinions of others open-mindedly before evaluating staff. Communicate high personal standards informally with day-to-day contact. Remember to acknowledge the progress that the staff has achieved either with certificates, a note or just a tap on the shoulder. The staff wants to be told that they are doing a good job (Pepitone Bruce, 1999). Again empowering staff requires some basic principles. Inform the staff what their responsibilities are. Give them authority equal to their responsibilities. Set standards of excellence. Provide people with training that will enable them to meet these standards. Provide feedback on performance. Recognize them for their achievements. Trust and treat them with dignity and respect (Nelson 1997). Showing staff that management is listening and affirming that you understand their view will create positive work environment. The language that use is also very important. Using â€Å"we† and â€Å"us† when speaking of the organization this will make the staff feel a part of the organization, thus improving the productivity of the staff. Encourage employees to make suggestion no matter how small the idea may be, and this will create a comfortable environment and inspire more significant ideas (Cook 1991). It is important to point out, however, that motivation must be used wisely. The misuse of some theories and techniques could result in negative consequences. Remember that employees who receive rewards on performance tend to perform better than employees in groups where rewards are not based on performance. Understanding the causes of human behavior can predict the behavior to the extent that the behavior can be controlled. Therefore, if managers understand the relationship between incentives, motivation, and productivity, they should be able to predict the behavior of their employees. Consequently, managers who know this, and know how to apply given incentive, can expect to realize increased productivity from employees. Today, 70% of employees are less motivated while 50% only put enough effort into their work to keep their job (Spitzer 1995). Many managers are not sure of the technique to use to motivate their staff. The best way to find what motivates staff is to ask them directly. This may be done informally or during performance evaluations. Find out what he/she wants from the organization and what makes them happy. A happy employee will be more productive than an unhappy one. If there has been a problem with absenteeism it may be because the organization is not fulfilling their needs. Whether it is need for achievement, the need for power, the need for affiliation, or the basic needs as studied by Herzberg, McClelland, or Maslow as a manager must examine and modify the management approach. References Boeree, C. George (2006) Abraham Maslow. Available: http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/maslow.html Cook, M. (1991). 10-Minute Guide to Motivating People. New York: Alpha Book Greenberg, J. (1999) Managing Behavior in Organizational (2nd Ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall Learning, Reinforcement, Reward System and Self-Management Teams. Available: www.emporio.edu Nelson, B (1997). 1001 Ways to Energize Employees. New York: Workman Publishing Pepitone, J. Bruce, A. (1999) Motivating Employees. New York: McGraw Hill Spitzer, D. (1995). Super Motivation. New York: AMACON. Wheaton Cameron.(1998) Developing Management Skills 4th Ed. Addison –Wesley Inc